Colombia, Plan Colombia, and Andean Security Policy
Research
Bibliography/Internet Resources
     
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 

War on Drugs in The Andean Region
[Back to Contents]

Websites
Articles and Book Chapters

Books and Monographs
Other References
U.S. Government, Colombian Government, and International Documents

Websites

Acción Andina: Bolivia (in Spanish)
Acción Andina es una plataforma que agrupa investigadores, activistas e instituciones de la región andino-amazónica. Todos comparten una preocupación por los problemas socioeconómicos, ambientales, políticos y de violencia generados tanto por la economía de las drogas ilegales como por las políticas de guerra que pretenden combatirlas.

AlterNet
AlterNet is a project of the Independent Media Institute, a nonprofit organization dedicated to strengthening and supporting independent and alternative journalism. Provides news and articles on the War on Drugs.

Andean Information Network
NGO that seeks peaceful long-term solutions to the social conflicts, injustices, and inequalities created and exacerbated by the U.S. War on Drugs in Bolivia.

Cultivos Ilícitos. Impacto Ambiental y Erradicación (in Spanish)
Sitio oficial colombiano con información técnica sobre el impacto ambiental de los programas de erradicación de cultivos ilícitos.

Ejército Mexicano: Operaciones contra el Narcotráfico (in Spanish)
Página oficial que describe el accionar del Ejército de México en la lucha contra el Narcotráfico.

Embassy of Colombia in Washington: Illicit Drugs
A balance of Drug Trafficking in Colombia: Problem, Effect, Response and Strategy.

(Indepaz) Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo y la Paz (in Spanish)
ONG que tiene como objeto ayudar a gestar y consolidar en Colombia un clima de reconciliación, diálogo, no violencia y respeto a la vida humana que contribuya a construir en el país una paz integral. Este website tiene una sección especial con artículos soble el Plan Colombia y Cultivos Ilícitos.

Mama Coca (English/Español)
Mama Coca propose a public debate with the analytical and well-supported elements required to grasp the complexity of Colombia's domestic conflict and the particularities of the 'drug' issue in the Andean-Amazon Region. The publication of this journal is a manifest attempt at promoting a think tank through which we might exchange valuable information among scholars, activists, analysts and journalists aiming at furthering the understanding required to put forward collective, regional, feasible, peaceful proposals for the Americas. Mama Coca propone un espacio para el debate público y fundamentado sobre la complejidad y expresiones de la Guerra de las Drogas. Esta página de artículos especializados es un deseo manifiesto de intercambiar entre investigadores, activistas y periodistas elementos de juicio para pensar de manera colectiva soluciones pacíficas viables.

Observatorio de Drogas de Colombia (English) (Español)
The Drug Observatory of Colombia, is a knowledge center that allows a better understanding of the different manifestations of the problem of drugs and it also contributes to the formulation of policies, plans and programs to approach this problem. El Observatorio de Drogas de Colombia constituye un centro de conocimiento que permite una mejor comprensión de las diferentes manifestaciones del problema de las drogas, asimismo contribuye a la formulación de políticas, planes y programas tendientes a abordar de manera integral la problemática.

The Narco News Bulletin (English) (Español)
Website whose goal is to provide news on the War on Drugs from the Latin American perspective. Sitio web cuyo objetivo es proporcionar noticias sobre la guerra contra las drogas desde una perspectiva latinoamericana.

Transnational Institute: Drugs&Democracy (Español)
Transnational Institute has been analyzing since 1996 the trends in the illegal drugs market and in drug policies globally. Página web del Instituto Transnacional Dorgas y Democracia dedicado a analizar las tendencias mundiales en el mercado de drogas prohibidas y en las políticas de drogas desde 1996.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime located in Vienna, is a global leader in the fight against illicit drugs and international crime and it has 21 field offices over the world as well as liaison offices in New York.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: Office in Bolivia
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in Bolivia.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: Office in Colombia (English) (Español)
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in Colombia. Oficina contra las Drogas y el Delito de las Naciones Unidas en Colombia.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: Office in Mexico
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in Mexico.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: Office in Peru (English) (Español)
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in Peru. Oficina contra las Drogas y el Delito de las Naciones Unidas en Perú.

Articles, Book Chapters, Reports
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [Top]

Abel, Christopher. "Colombia & the Drugs Barons: Conflict & Containment," World Today, 49 (May, 1993): 96-100.

Abeyratne, R. I. R. "International Initiatives at Controlling the Illicit Transportation of Narcotic Drugs by Air," Journal of Air Law and Commerce, 63, 2 (November-December, 1997): 289-403.

Abruzzese, Renzo. "Coca, Cocaína: Producción y Consumo," Revista de Prevención, Salud y Sociedad, Fundación Proyecto de Vida, 3, Buenos Aires, Argentina (1990).

Abruzzese, Renzo. "Coca-Leaf Production in the Countries of the Andean Subregion," Bulletin on Narcotics, 41, 1-2 (1989): 95-98.

Adams Keig, Lowell. "A Proposal for Direct Use of the United States Military in Drug Enforcement Operations Abroad," Texas International Law Journal, 23, 2 (1988).

Amok, Holanda. "La Estrategia Estadounidense de Contención: Bolivia Convertida en el Centro de la Acción," in Bolivia: Coca y Lucha contra las Drogas, 3, CEDIB, Cochabamba (Marzo, 1994).

Andreas, Peter. "Free Market Reform and Drug Market Prohibition: U.S. Policies at Cross-Purposes in Latin America," Third World Quarterly, 16, 1 (1995): 75-87.
Available at (3-26-2004): http://www.drugpolicy.org/library/cocandr1.cfm

Andreas, Peter. "Profits, Poverty, & Illegality: The Logic of Drug Corruption," NACLA Report, 27, 3 (11-12/93): 22-27.

Andreas, Peter and Coletta Youngers. "The U.S. Drug War in the Andes," Peace Magazine, 6, 1 (February-March, 1990): 24-25.
Available at (9-23-2004): http://www.peacemagazine.org/archive/v06n1p24.htm

Armenta, Amira, [et. al.], (eds.). "Forward Operation Locations in Latin America: Transcending Drug Control," Drugs & Conflict, 8, Transnational Institute (September, 2003).
Available in English at (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate8.pdf
Disponible en Español en (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate8s.pdf

Armenta, Amira, [et. al.]. "Polarisation and Paralysis in UN Drug Control. Breaking the Impasse," Drugs & Conflict, 5, Transnational Institute (July, 2002).
Available in English at (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate5.pdf
Disponible en Español en (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate5s.pdf

Armenta, Amira, [et. al.], (eds.). "Alternative Development and Eradication. A Failed Balance," Drugs & Conflict, 4, Transnational Institute (March, 2002).
Available in English at (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate4.pdf
Disponible en Español en (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate4s.pdf

Armenta, Amira, [et. al.], (eds.). "Fumigation and Conflict in Colombia. In the Heat of the Debate," Drugs & Conflict, 2, Transnational Institute (September, 2001).
Available in English at (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate2.pdf
Disponible en Español en (8-10-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/debate2s.pdf

Bagley, Bruce. "Drug Trafficking, Political Violence, and U.S. Policy in Colombia in the 1990's," University of Miami, Coral Gables, (January 5, 2003). También disponible en Español: "Narcotráfico, Violencia Política y Política Exterior de Estados Unidos hacia Colombia en los Noventa," Colombia Internacional, 49-50 (Febrero, 2001): 5-38.
Available in English at (1-23-2005): http://www.mamacoca.org/junio2001/bagley_drugs_and_violence_en.htm

Bagley, Bruce. "Myths of Militarization: Enlisting Armed Forces in the War on Drugs," in Peter H. Smith, ed., Drug Policy in the Americas, Westview Press, Boulder (1992): 129-150.

Bagley, Bruce and Juan G. Tokatlian. "Dope and Dogma: Explaining the Failure of U.S.-Latin America Drug Policies," in Jonathan Hartlyn, Lars Schoulz and Augusto Varas, (eds.), The United States and Latin America in the 1990s. Beyond the Cold War, Chapel Hill, The University of North Carolina Press (1992): 214-234.

Bagley, Bruce. "Dateline Drug Wars: Colombia: The Wrong Strategy," Foreign Policy, 77 (winter, 1989-90): 154-171.

Bagley, Bruce. "U.S. Foreign Policy and the War on Drugs: Analysis of a Policy Failure," Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 30: 2-3 (1988) : 89-212.

Bagley, Bruce. "Colombia and the War on Drugs," Foreign Affairs (Fall, 1988): 70-92.

Bagley, Bruce. "The New Hundred Years War? U.S. National Security and the War on Drugs in Latin America," Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affaires, 30, 1 (Spring, 1988): 71-92.

Bagley, Bruce. "The Colombian Connection: The Impact of Drug Traffic on Colombia," in Coca and Cocaine: Effects on People and Policy in Latin America, Deborah Pacini and Christine Franquemont, (eds.), Cultural Survival and Cornell University, Peterborough, N.H. (1986).

Baquerizo, Manuel. "La Coca y la Cultura Andina," Allpanchis, 20, Cuzco (1982): 285-289.

Bergantz, Joseph L. "Military Support of the National Drug Control Strategy," Military Review, 72 (June, 1992): 67-72.

Bermúdez, Jaime and Jorge Orlando Melo. "La Lucha contra el Narcotráfico: Éxitos y Limitaciones," in Malcom Deas and Carlos Ossa, (eds), El Gobierno Barco: Política, Economía y Desarrollo Social en Colombia, 1986-1990, Fedesarrollo/Fondo Cultural Cafetero, Bogotá, Colombia (1994).

Bernal Contreras, Héctor Hernando and Martha Paredes Rosero. "Impacto Ambiental Ocasionado por las Sustancias Químicas, los Cultivos Ilícitos y las Actividades Conexas," Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes de Colombia, Subdirección de Asuntos Regionales y Erradicación (2000).
Available at (11-1-2004): http://www.cultivosilicitoscolombia.gov.co/documentos/CULTIVOS_SIF.zip (zip file).

Berney, Arthur L. "Cocaine Prohibition: Drug-Induced Madness in the Western Hemisphere," Boston College Third World Law Journal, 25, 1 (1995).

Bertram, Eva and Sharpe Kenneth. "The Unwinnable Drug War: What Clausewitz Would Tell Us," World Policy Journal, 13 (Winter 1996-1997): 41-51.

Bibes, Patricia. "Transnational Organized Crime and Terrorism: Colombia a Case of Study," Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 17, 3 (2001): 243-258.

Bibes, Patricia. "Colombia: The Military and the Narco-Conflict," Low Intensity Conflict & Law Enforcement, 9, 1 (Spring, 2000): 32-48.

Billingsly, Harold W. "Coalitions and Drug Demand Reduction: Pathway to a Better Tomorrow," Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, PA (1999).
Available online at (8-27-2004): http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA366900

Bishop, Kenneth W. "The National Drug Control Strategy Effectiveness of Eradication in Colombia," U.S. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, PA (2003).
Available at (8-27-2004): http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA413448

Boggess, Brian D. "Exporting United States Drug Laws: An Example of the International Legal Ramifications of the 'War on Drugs'," Brigham Young University Law Review, 1 (1992).

Bradford, David G. "Planning for Victory in the Drug War," Military Review, 74 (October, 1994): 15-24.

Brener, Jayme. "Radical Maneuvers," in Democracy, Human Rights, and Militarism in the War on Drugs in Latin America, TNI, Cedib and Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala (April, 1997). También disponible en Español: "Maniobras Radicales," in Guerra Antidrogas, Democracia, Derechos Humanos y Militarización en América Latina, TNI, Cedib e Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala (Abril, 1997).
Available in English at (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/brener.htm
Disponible en Español en (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/brener-s.htm

Brown, Raymond J. "Lessons Learned from the Marijuana War," in U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, 123 (December, 1997): 30-33.

Brzezicki, M. P. "The Air War on Cocaine," Royal Air Force Air Power Review, 2, 1 (Spring, 1999): 92-124.

Caballero, Antonio. "Hay que Legalizar la Coca," Texto y Contexto, 9 (Septiembre-Diciembre, 1986).

Caballero, Carlos. "La Economía de la Cocaína, Algunos Estimativos para 1988," Coyuntura Económica (Septiembre, 1988).

Camacho Guizado, Álvaro and Andrés López Restrepo. "Perspectives on Narcotics Trafficking in Colombia," International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, 14, 1 (2000): 151-182.

Camacho Guizado, Alvaro. "Cinco Tésis sobre Narcotráfico en Colombia," Revista Foro, 15 (Septiembre, 1991).

Casey, Michael. "The Danger of Relying on the Military to Fight the Drug War," Soldier-Scholar, 2 (Summer, 1996): 24-32.

Castro de La Mata, Ramiro. "Capítulos de la Historia de la Coca: Ayer y Hoy," Boletín de Lima, 50, Lima (1987): 21-28.

Chalk, Peter. "The "War on Drugs": Is the USA's Colombia Policy Working?," Jane's Intelligence Review, 12, 12 (December, 2000): 40-42.

Chambliss, William J. "The Consequences of Prohibition: Crime, Corruption, and International Narcotics Control", in Harold H. Traver y Mark S. Gaylord, (eds.), Drugs, Law and the State, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick (1992): 15-33.

Chepesiuk, Ron. "Guerrillas in the Midst," National Review, 49 (September 1, 1997): 27-30.

Clinton, William J. "Memorandum on Counternarcotics Assistance to Certain Latin American and Eastern Caribbean Countries," Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, 33, 1469 (October 6, 1997).

Cottam, Martha and Otwin Marenin. "International Cooperation in the War on Drugs: Mexico and the United States," Policing and Society, 9 (1999): 209-240.

Craig, Richard. "Domestic Implications of Illicit Colombia Drug Production and Trafficking," Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 25, 3 (1983): 213-230.

Craig, Richard. "Colombian Narcotics & US-Colombian Relations," in Journal of Inter-American Studies and World Affairs, 23, 3 (1981): 243-270.

Crandall, Russell. "Explicit Narcotization: U.S. Policy Towards Colombia During the Samper Administration," Latin American Politics and Society, 43, 3 (2001): 95-120.

Cubides C., Fernando. "Narcotráfico y Guerra en Colombia: los Paramilitares," in Gonzalo Sánchez and Eric Lair, (eds.) Violencias y Estrategias Colectivas en la Región Andina: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela, IFEA, IEPRI, Grupo Editorial Norma, Bogotá, Colombia, (2004): 377-410.

Davila, Amanda. "Participation, Not Eradication," in Michael Smith, (ed.), Why People Grow Drugs, PANOS (1990).

de Rementería, Ibán. "La Guerra de las Drogas y los Recursos Naturales," Nueva Sociedad, 174 (Julio-Agosto, 2001): 121-132.
Available at (8-21-2006): http://www.nuso.org/upload/articulos/2982_1.pdf

Del Olmo, Rosa. "Aerobiology & the War on Drugs: A Transnational Crime," Crime & Social Justice, 30 (1988).

Dettmer, Jamie. "Colombia Implodes," Insight on the News (September 13, 1999).
Available at (1-23-2005): http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_34_15/ai_55821628

Diamint, Rut. "Políticas Antidrogas y Militares en el Cono Sur," Ponencia, REDES, Santiago, Chile (October 28-30, 2003).
Available at (2-8-2006): http://www.ndu.edu/chds/redes2003/Academic-Papers/8.Internal-Security/5.Drug-Control-Democracy-Human-Rights/4. Diamint-final.doc

Douglass, Joseph D. Jr. "Narcotics Trafficking, Organized Crime, and Terrorism (Aspects None of Us Want to Face)," Conservative Review, 7 (Summer/Fall, 1996): 4-10.

Doyle, Kate. "Drug War: A Quietly Escalating Failure," NACLA Report, 26, 5 (Mayo, 93): 29-34.

Dugas, John C. "Drugs, Lies, & Audiotape: The Samper Crisis in Colombia," Latin American Research Review, 36, 3 (2001): 157-174.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos and Zeinab Partow. "Por Qué la Justicia no Responde al Crimen?: El Caso de la Cocaína en Colombia," in Mauricio Cárdenas y Roberto Steiner, (comps.), Corrupción, Crimen y Justicia: Una Perspectiva Histórica, Tercer Mundo, Fedesarrollo y Lacea, 1998.

Edeli, David and Sachary Hurwitz. "There can be no Peace without Indians at the Table," Cultural Survival Quarterly, 26, 4, Cultural Survival, Cambridge (Winter, 2003): 13-17.

Edmunds, James R. "Nonconsensual U.S. Military Action against the Colombian Drug Lords under U.N. Charter," Washington University Law Quarterly, 68, 1 (1990).

Farthing, Linda and Benjamin Kohl. "Conflicting Agendas: The Politics of Development Aid in Drug-Producing Areas," Development Policy Review, 23, 2 (March, 2005): 183-198.

Farthing, Linda and Kathryn Ledebur. "The Beat Goes on: The U.S. War on Coca," Nacla Report on the Americas, 38, 3 (November, 2004).

Farthing, Linda and Benjamin Kohl. "The Price of Success: Bolivia's War against Drugs and the Poor," NACLA Report on the Americas, 35, 1 (July, 2001).

Filippone, Robert. "The Medellín Cartel: Why We Can't Win the Drug War," Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 17, 4 (1994): 323-345.

Fischer, Kevin. "Trends in Extraterritorial Narcotics Control. Slamming the Stable Door after the Horse has Bolted," New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, 16, 2 (1984).

Flynn, Stephen E. "Lo Insensato de una Política Estadounidense para Colombia en Torno de las Drogas," Aerospace Power Journal- Español (October, 2001).
Also available at (10-1-2003): http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/apjinternational/apj-s/3trimes01/flynn.htm

Franco, George. "Battling Narcoterrorism: The Peruvian Experience in the Ucayali," Orbis, 48, 3 (Summer, 2004).

Franco, George H. "The Darkest Hour: Colombia's Government and the Narco-Insurgency," Parameters, 30, 2 (Summer, 2000): 83-93.
Available at (4-2-2004): http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/parameters/00summer/franco.htm

Fratepietro, Sharon. "Plan Colombia: The Hidden Front in the U.S. Drug War?," Humanist, 61, 4 (July, 2001): 18-21.
Available at (7-28-2004): http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1374/is_4_61/ai_76800133

Frechette, Myles. "U.S. Counternarcotics Policy toward Colombia," CSIS Hemisphere 2000, 8, 2 (February 1, 2000).
Available at (1-23-2005): http://www.csis.org/media/csis/pubs/hf_v08_02.pdf

García-Peña Jaramillo. "La Relación del Estado Colombiano con el Fenómeno Paramilitar: Por el Esclarecimiento Histórico," Análisis Político, 53 (Enero-Abril, 2005): 58-76.
Available at (5-17-2005): http://www.analisispolitico.edu.co/pdf/articulo53.pdf

Glockman, Walter. "A Thorn Among the Roses," Security Management, 33, 5 (May 1, 1989).

Gonzales, José E. "Guerrillas and Coca in the Upper Huallaga Valley," in David Scott Palmer, (ed.), Shining Path of Peru, St. Martin's, New York (1994): 126-130.

Gorriti, Gustavo A. "How to Fight The Drug War," The Atlantic, 264, 1 (July 1, 1989).

Grossman, Elaine M. "U.S. Eyes New Bases to Wage Drug War in Latin America," Current News Early Bird (February 22, 1999): 20-23.

Gutiérrez Lemus, Omar. "La Oposición Regional a las Negociaciones con el ELN," Análisis Político, 52 (Septiembre-Diciembre, 2004): 34-50.
Available at (5-17-2005): http://www.analisispolitico.edu.co/pdf/articulo52.pdf

Gutiérrez P. Carlos. "Narcotráfico y Fuerzas Armadas: El Caso Chileno," Estudios Político Militares, 3, 6 (Diciembre, 2003): 19-36.
Available at (9-15-2004): http://www.cee-chile.org/publicaciones/revista/rev06/re06-2.pdf

Hallums, Melanie R. "Bolivia and Coca: Law, Policy, and Drug Control," Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 30 (1997).

Harmon, Robert E. (LtCol) and others. "Counterdrug Assistance: The Number One Priority," Military Review, 73 (March, 1993): 26-35.

Hasenauer, Heike. "Florida's War on Drugs," Soldiers, 51 (May, 1996): 13-17.
Available at (7-28-2004): http://www.army.mil/soldiers/may96/drugwar.html

Hatcher, Patrick Lloyd. "The Unwinnable War on the Drug Trade," Orbis, 41, 4 (Fall, 1997): 653-660.
Available at (9-15-2004): http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0365/is_n4_v41/ai_20377535

Healy, Kevin. "Bolivia and Cocaine: A Developing Country's Dilemmas," British Journal of Addiction, 83, London (1988): 19-23.

Healy, Kevin. "Coca, the State, and the Peasantry in Bolivia, 1982-1988," Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 30, 2-3 (Summer-Fall, 1988): 105-126.

Hesselroth, Alba. "Struggles of Security in US Foreign Drug Policy towards Andean Countries," Peace, Conflict & Development, 5 (July, 2004).
Available at (9-15-2004): http://www.peacestudiesjournal.org.uk/docs/StrugglesofSecurity.PDF

Heun, Christopher. "Global Cop Urges Limited Military Role in Drug War," National Defense, 81 (March, 1997): 30-31.

Hodgson, Martin. "The Coca Leaf War," Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 56, 3 (May-June, 2000): 36-45.
Available at (8-27-2004): http://www.thebulletin.org/issues/2000/mj00/mj00hodgson.html

Holmes, Jennifer S. "Drugs, Terrorism, and Congressional Politics: The Colombian Challenge," in Ralph Carter, (ed.), Contemporary Cases in U.S. Foreign Policy: From Terrorism to Trade, 2nd edition, CQ Press, Washington D.C. (2004).

Holmes, Jennifer S. "Terrorism, Drugs and Violence in Latin America," Latin American Research Review, 37, 3 (2002): 217-230.

Holmes, Jennifer S. ""The Colombian Drug Trade: National Security and Congressional Politics," in Ralph Carter, (ed.), Contemporary Cases in U.S. Foreign Policy: From Terrorism to Trade, CQ Press, Washington, D.C., USA (2001): 88-108.

Howard Stephen P. (Lt Col). "The Military War on Drugs: Too Many Assets, Too Few Results," Naval Post Graduate School, Monterey, CA (2001). Tambien disponible en Español: "La Guerra Militar Contra las Drogas: Demasiados Recursos, Muy Pocos Resultados," Aerospace Power Journal (October, 2001).
Available in English at (8-27-2004): http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA407744
Disponible en Español en (10-1-2003): http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/apjinternational/apj-s/3trimes01/howard.htm

Howard Stephen P. (Lt Col). "The War on Drugs. Two More Casualties," Aerospace Power Journal, 15, 4 (October, 2001): 91-94.
Also available at (10-1-2003): http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj01/win01/vorwin01.html

International Crisis Group. "War and Drugs in Colombia," Latin America Report, No. 11, (January 27, 2005): 44pgs. Available at (01/28/05): http://www.icg.org//library/documents/latin_america/11_war_and_drugs_in_colombia.pdf

International Institute of Strategic Studies. "Colombia's War on Drugs: Disputing the Plan," Strategic Comments, 7, 1 (January, 2001).

Isacson, Adam. "Washington's 'New War' in Colombia," NACLA Report, 36, 5 (2003): 13-18.

Jelsma, Martin. "Damaging Side Effects: The War on Drugs," in Democracy, Human Rights, and Militarism in the War on Drugs in Latin America, TNI, Cedib and Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala (April, 1997). También disponible en Español: "Daño Colateral de la Guerra Antidrogas," in Guerra Antidrogas, Democracia, Derechos Humanos y Militarización en América Latina, TNI, Cedib e Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala (Abril, 1997).
Available in English at (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/jelsma.htm
Disponible en Español en (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/jelsma-s.htm

Justice, James J. "Colombia's Counter Drug Force," Rotor & Wing, 34, 7 (July, 2000): 38-41.

Kaplan, Marcos. "Tráfico de Drogas en América Latina: Emergencia, Contexto Internacional y Dinámica Interna," Boletín Mexicano de Derecho Comparado, 26, 76 (Enero-Abril, 1993): 115-154.
Available at (1-10-2005): http://www.juridicas.unam.mx/publica/librev/rev/boletin/cont/76/art/art5.pdf

Kawell, Jo Ann. "Drug Wars: The Rules of the Game," Nacla Report on the Americas, 23, 6 (April 1, 1990).

Klepak, Harold. "The Use of the Military and the Illicit Drugs Trade," Jane's Intelligence Review, 4 (November, 1992): 521-524.

Knoester, Mark. "War in Colombia," Social Justice, 25, 2 (Summer, 1998): 85-109.

Knox, Paul. "The Cost of Cocaine: How Long Can Colombia Pay the Emotional and Economic Price of Its War on Drugs," Report on Business Magazine, 6, 7 (January 1, 1990).

Lee, Rensselaer III. "Dimensions of the South American Cocaine Industry," Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 30, 2/3, Special Issue: "Assessing the Americas' War on Drugs" (Summer - Autumn, 1988): 87-103.

Lehmann, Gary C. "Counterdrug Missions: A Tactical Perspective," Marine Corps Gazette, 82 (April, 1998): 30-31.

LeoGrande, William M. and Kenneth E. Sharpe."Two Wars or One? Drugs, Guerrillas and Colombia's New Violencia," World Policy Journal, 17, 3 (Fall, 2000): 1-11 (reprint).
Available at (7-28-2004): http://www.worldpolicy.org/journal/leogrande.html

Lernoux, Penny. "The U.S. in Bolivia: Playing Golf While Drugs Flow," Nation, 248, 6 (February 13, 1989): 188-192.

Loy, Frank, Janet Reno, Barry McCaffrey, Rand Beers, and Tom Umberg. International Narcotics Strategy Report (INCSR): Reprint," DISAM Journal, 22 (Spring 2000): 33-44.

Lumpe, Lora. "The U.S. Arms Both Sides of Mexico's Drugs War," Covert Action Quarterly, 61 (Summer, 1997): 39-46.
Available at (9-28-2004): http://www.fas.org/asmp/library/articles/us-mexico.htm

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Youngers, Coletta. "The US & the 'War on Drugs:' On the Wrong Path," in Democracy, Human Rights, and Militarism in the War on Drugs in Latin America, TNI, Cedib and Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala (April, 1997). También disponible en Español: "La Guerra Antidrogas: Estados Unidos Sigue un Camino Equivocado," in Guerra Antidrogas, Democracia, Derechos Humanos y Militarización en América Latina, TNI, Cedib e Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala (Abril, 1997).
Available in English at (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/youngers.htm
Disponible en Español en (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/youngers-s.htm

Youngers, Coletta and Peter Zirnite. "Their Own Worst Enemy: Washington's War on Drugs in Latin America," in Martin Jelsma and Theo Ronken, (eds.), Democracies Under Fire: Drugs and Power in Latin America, Transnational Institute-Ediciones Brecha-Acción Andina, Montevideo, Uruguay (1998).

Youngers, Colleta. "'The Only War We've Got': Drug Enforcement in Latin America," NACLA Report, 31, 2 (1997): 13-18.

Zabludoff, Sidney Jay. "Colombian Narcotics Organizations as Business Enterprises," Transnational Organized Crime, 3, 2, (Summer, 1997): 20-49.

Zirnite, Peter. "The Militarization of the Drug War in Latin America," Current History, 97 (April, 1998): 166-173.
Available at (7-30-2004): http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v98/n394/a02.html

Zirnite, Peter. "Washington's Addiction to the War on Drugs," NACLA Report, 32, 3 (1998): 28-30.

Books and Monographs
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [Top]

Acción Andina-CEDIB. La Guerra Falsa, Cochabamba, Bolivia. 1994. Also in English: The Big White Lie, Thunder's Mouth Press, New York, 1993.

Aguilé, Federico. Narcotráfico y Violencia, CEDIB, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1992.

Allen, Catherine. The Hold Life Has: Coca and Cultural Identity in an Andean Community, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, USA, 1988.

Alvarado R. Luis Eduardo, Andrés Vergara Ballén and Yilberto Lahuerta Percipiano. Comportamiento e Impacto del Gasto en la Lucha contra las Drogas: 1995-1999, Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes, Departamento Nacional de Planeación, Colombia, 2001.
Available at (7-11-2005): http://www.dnecolombia.gov.co/doc/Publicaciones/estrategica/ComImp.doc

Americas Watch. The "Drug War" in Colombia: The Neglected Tragedy of Political Violence, Human Rights Watch, New York, New York, USA, 1990.

Antinarcóticos, Policía. El Glifosato en la Erradicación de Cultivos Ilícitos, Policía Nacional de Colombia, Santa Fé de Bogotá, 1992.

Arana, Xabier and Rosa del Olmo, (coords.). Normas y Culturas en la Construcción de la "Cuestión Droga", Oñati-Hacer, 1996.

Arango Jaramillo, Mario. Impacto del Narcotráfico en Antioquia, Poligráficas, Medellín, Colombia, 1988.

Arango, Mario and Jorge Child. Narcotráfico: Imperio de la Cocaína, Editorial Dina, México D.F., 1987.

Arango Jaramillo, Mario and Jorge Child. Coca-Coca: Historia, Manejo Político y Mafia de la Cocaína, Dos Mundos, Bogotá, Colombia, 1986.

Arango Jaramillo, Mario and Jorge Child. Los Condenados de la Coca: el Manejo Político de la Droga, Editorial J.M. Arango, Medellín, Colombia, 1985.

Arango Jaramillo, Mario and Jorge Child. Narcotráfico Imperio de la Cocaína, Editorial Percepción, 1a ed., Medellín, Colombia, 1984.


Arrueta Rodríguez, José Antonio. Campesinado, Coca y Estado: Sindicalismo y Movilización de Productores de Coca en Torno al Plan Trienal de Lucha Contra el Narcotráfico: Cochabamba, 1987-1989, Centro de Estudios Regionales Andinos "Bartolomé de Las Casas", Cusco, 1994.

Asociación Nacional de Instituciones Financieras. Marihuana: Legalización o Represión, Biblioteca ANIF, Bogotá, Colombia, 1979.

Asociación Peruana de Estudios e Investigación para la Paz. Cocaína: Problemas y Soluciones Andinos, Asociación Peruana de Estudios e Investigación para la Paz, 1a. ed., Lima, Perú, 1990.

Auza Guzmán, Johnny. Exilio "At home"; El Poder Corruptivo del Narcotráfico en Círculos Oficiales en Bolivia, CEDIB, Acción Andina, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 2000.

Bagley, Bruce M., (ed.). Drug Trafficking Research in the Americas: An Annotated Bibliography, North-South Center, University of Miami, Miami, Forida, USA, 1996.

Bagley Bruce M. and William O. Walker, III, (eds.). Drug Trafficking in the Americas, University of Miami, North-South Center Press, 1994.

Bagley, Bruce. Myths of Militarization: The Role of the Military in the War on Drugs in the Americas, University of Miami Press, North-South Center, Coral Gables, 1991.

Bahamon Dussan, Augusto. Mi Guerra en Medellín, Intermedio, Bogotá, Colombia, 1991.

Barco, Virgilio. La Lucha contra el Narcotráfico, Presidencia de la República de Colombia, Bogotá, 1988.

Baum, Dan. Smoke and Mirrors: The War on Drugs and the Politics of Failure, Back Bay Books, May 5, 1997.

Bedregal Gutiérrez, Guillermo, and Ruddy Viscarra Pando. La Lucha Boliviana contra la Agresión del Narcotráfico, Editorial Los Amigos del Libro, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1989.

Bertram, Eva, Kenneth Sharpe, and Peter Andreas. Drug War Politics: The Price of Denial, The University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA, 1996.

Blakesley, Charles L. Terrorism, Drugs, International Law, and the Protection of Human Liberty, Transnational Publishers, New York, USA, 1992.

Bonnie, Richard J. and Charles H. Witebread II. The Marihuana Conviction: A History of Marihuana Prohibition in the United States, The Lindsmith Center, 1999 (2nd ed.).

Bowden, Mark. Killing Pablo, Penguin Books, New York, USA, 2001.

Bugliosi, Vincent T. The Phoenix Solution: Getting Serious About Winning America's Drug War, Dove Books, Beverly Hills, CA, USA, 1996.

Buscaglia, Edgardo and William Ratliff. War and Lack of Governance in Colombia: Narcos, Guerrillas, and U.S. Policy, Hoover Institution, 2001.

Camacho Guizado, Álvaro, Andrés López Restrepo and Francisco E. Thoumi. Las Drogas: Una Guerra Fallida. Visiones Críticas, IEPRI - Tercer Mundo Editores, Bogotá, Colombia, 1999.

Camacho Guizado, Álvaro. Droga y Sociedad en Colombia: El Poder y Estigma, U. del Valle y CEREC, Bogotá, Colombia, 1988.

Camacho Guizado, Álvaro. Droga, Corrupción y Poder: Marihuana y Cocaína en la Sociedad Colombiana, U. del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 1981.

Carpenter, Ted Galen. Bad Neighbor Policy. Washington's Futile War on Drugs in Latin America, Palgrave, New York, USA, 2003.

Carter, William and Mauricio Mamani. Coca en Bolivia, La Juventud, La Paz, Bolivia, 1986.

Castillo, Fabio. La Coca Nostra, Editorial Documentos Periodísticos, Bogotá, Colombia, 1991.

Castillo, Fabio. Los Jinetes de la Cocaína, Editorial Documentos Periodistas, Bogotá, Colombia, 1987.
Available at (6-23-2003):
http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/libros/jinetes/index.html

Castro Caycedo, Germán. La Bruja: Coca Política y Demonio, Planeta, Bogotá, Colombia, 1994.

Childress, Michael. A System Description of the Heroin Trade, RAND Corporation, 1994.

CEDIB. Coca- Cronología. Bolivia 1986-1992. 100 Documentos, Ed. CEDIB-ILDIS, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1992.

Celada, Edgar, (ed.). Guerra Antidrogas, Democracia, Derechos Humanos y Militarización en América Latina, Inforpress Centroamericana-Transnational Institute-CEDIB, Guatemala, 1997.

Centro Peruano de Estudios Internacionales. Perú, Control y Fiscalización de Estupefacientes y Lucha contra el Narcotráfico: Normas Internacionales y Nacionales, CEPEI, 1a. ed., Peru, 1992.

Chepesiuk, Ron. The Bullet or the Bribe: Taking Down Colombia's Cali Drug Cartel, Praeger Publishers, Westport, Conn., USA, 2003.

Chepesiuk, Ronald. Hard Target: The United States War against International Drug Trafficking, 1982-1997, McFarland & Company, Jefferson, N.C., USA, 1999.

Clawson, Patrick L. and Rensselaer W. Lee III. The Andean Cocaine Industry, St. Martin's Press, New York, USA, 1996.

Comisión Andina de Juristas. Drogas y Control Penal en los Andes, Lima, Peru, 1994.

Comisión Andina de Juristas. Narcotráfico: Realidades y Alternativas, D. García Sayán (comp.), Lima, Peru, 1990.

Comisión Andina de Juristas. Coca, Cocaína y Narcotráfico, D. García Sayán (ed), Lima, Peru, 1989.

Coronado Tinoco, Inés. Coca, Cocaína y Narcotráfico: Legislación del Tráfico Ilícito de Drogas, Editora Jurídica Grijey, 1a. ed., Lima, Perú, 1993.

Crandall, Russell. Driven by Drugs: U.S. Policy Toward Colombia, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO, USA, 2002.

De Grazia, Jessica. DEA: The War against Drugs, BBC Books, London, UK, 1991.

De Remetería Ibán. La Guerra de las Drogas: Cultivis Ilicitos y Desarrollo Alternativo, Planeta Colombiana, Bogotá, D.C., 2001.

DEA, Intelligence Division. Colombian Economic Reform: The Impact of Drug Money Laundering within the Colombian Economy, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington D. C., USA, 1994.

del Olmo, Rosa. ¿Prohibir o Domesticar? Políticas de Drogas en América Latina, Editorial Nueva Sociedad, Caracas, Venezuela, 1992.

del Olmo, Rosa. Los Discursos de la Droga, Ed. HISBOL, La Paz, Bolivia, 1990.

Delpirou, Alain and Alain Labrousse. El Sendero de la Cocaína, LAIA, Barcelona, España, 1988.

Democracy, Human Rights, and Militarism in the War on Drugs in Latin America, TNI, Cedib and Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala, April 1997. También disponible en Español en: Guerra Antidrogas, Democracia, Derechos Humanos y Militarización en América Latina, TNI, Cedib e Inforpress Centroamericana, Guatemala, Abril, 1997.
Available in English at (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/contents.htm
Disponible en Español en (3-26-2004): http://www.tni.org/reports/drugs/folder1/indice.htm

Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad, Dirección. Aspectos de Interés sobre el Cultivo de Amapola, Santa Fé de Bogotá, Colombia, 1991.

Drexler, Robert. Colombia and the United States: Narcotics Traffic and a Failed Foreign Policy, McFarland & Company, Jefferson, N.C., USA, 1999.

Duque Ramírez, Luis Fernando, Edgar Rodríguez Ospina, Daria Cecilia Rivero and Jaime Huertas Campos. Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas Ilegales en Colombia, Editorial Carrera 7a. Ltda, Santa Fé de Bogotá, Colombia, 1994.

Duzán, María Jimena. Death Beat: A Colombian Journalist's Life Inside the Cocaine Wars, Harper Collins, New York, USA, 1994.

Eddy, Paul, Hugo Sabogal and Sara Walden. The Cocaine Wars, Norton, New York, USA, 1988.

Ehrenfeldt, Rachel. Narco-Terrorism, Basic Books, New York, USA, 1990.

Escohotado, Antonio. Historia Elemental de las Drogas, Anagrama, Barcelona, España, 1996.

Escohotado, Antonio. Historia de las Drogas (3 vols.), Alianza Editorial, España, 1992.

Etienne, Teodoro. Fuerzas Armadas de América Latina: Nuevo Rol: Problemática de la
Droga
, Tercer Mundo, Bogotá, Colombia, 1997.

Ferro, Juan Guillermo and Graciela Uribe Ramón, (et.al.). Jóvenes, coca y amapola. Un estudio sobre las transformaciones socioculturales en zonas de cultivos ilícitos, IER Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, 1999.

Flores, Gonzalo. Producción de Coca y Procesos Poblacionales en Bolivia: Situación y Perspectivas, CERES, La Paz, Bolivia, 1987.

Fuss, Charles M. Sea of Grass: The Maritime Drug War, 1970-1990, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD, USA, 1996.

Gamarra, Eduardo. Entre la Droga y la Democracia: la Cooperación Entre Estados Unidos-Bolivia y la Lucha Contra el Narcotráfico, ILDIS, La Paz, Bolivia, 1994.

García Durán, Mauricio. De la Uribe a Tlaxcala: Procesos de Paz, CINEP, Bogotá, Colombia, 1992.

García Ramírez, Sergio. Narcotráfico: Un Punto de Vista Mexicano, Porrúa, México, 1989.

Garcia-Sayán, Diego, ed. Coca, Cocaína y Narcotráfico: Laberinto en los Andes, Comisión Andina de Juristas, Lima, Perú, 1989.

González Ossio, Juan José. Estupefacientes, Legislación y Jurisprudencia, Ed. Corte Suprema de Justicia, Sucre, Bolivia, 1988.

Grosse, Robert E. Drugs and Money: Laundering Latin America's Cocaine Dollars, Praeger, Westport, Connecticut, 2001.

Holden-Rhodes, J. F. Sharing the Secrets: Open Source Intelligence and the War on Drugs, Praeger, Westport, CT, USA, 1997.

Human Rights Watch. Violaciones a los Derechos Humanos y la Guerra Anti-Drogas, HRW, New York, USA, 1995.
Available at (5-5-2004): http://www.hrw.org/spanish/informes/1995/bolivia.html

Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática and Dirección Técnica de Demografía y Estudios Sociales. Perú, Estadísticas de Producción, Tráfico y Consumo de Drogas, La Dirección, Lima, Perú, 1997.

Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática, Comisión Interinstitucional de Estadísticas de Producción y Consumo de Drogas, and Dirección Nacional de Estadísticas Básicas. Perú: Compendio de Estadísticas de Producción y Consumo de Drogas, 1980-93, INEI, Lima, Perú (Febrero, 1994).

Jaramillo, J.E. [et.al.]. Colonización, Coca, y Guerrilla, Alianza Editorial Colombiana, 3 ed., Bogotá, Colombia, 1989.

Jelsma Martin and Theo Roncken (coord.). Democracias Bajo Fuego. Drogas y Poder en América Latina, Transnational Institute-Acción Andina-Ediciones de Brecha, Montevideo, Uruguay, 1998.

Jordan, David. Drug Politics: Dirty Money and Democracies, University of Oklahoma Press, USA, 1999.

Joyce, Elizabeth and Carlos Malamud, (eds.). Latin America and the Multinational Drug Trade, St. Martins Press, Institute of Latin American Studies Series, New York, USA, 1997.

Kirk, Robin. More Terrible than Death: Massacres, Drugs, and America's War in Colombia, Public Affairs, New York, USA, 2003.

Kleinig John and Yurong Zhang. Professional Law Enforcement Codes: A Documentary Collection, Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut, USA, 1993.

Lanza, Gregorio. La Coca Prohibida: Producción, Transformación y Persecución a Fines del siglo XX, SNV - Bolivia: CEDIB, La Paz, Bolivia, 1995.

Larios, Fernando and Fernando Hurtado, (eds.). Reflexiones sobre el Desarrollo Alternativo en los Países del Área Andina, Comunidad Andina, Septiembre, 2004.
Available at (11-4-2004): http://www.comunidadandina.org/bda/docs/CAN-INT-0023.pdf

Laserna, Roberto (comp.). Economía Política de las Drogas. Lecturas Latinoamericanas, Ed. CLACSO-CERES, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1993.

Leal Buitrago, Francisco. Political Crisis & Drug Trafficking in Colombia, New York, USA, 1991.

Leech, Garry M. Killing Peace: Colombia's Conflict and the Failure of U.S. Intervention, Information Network of the Americas (INOTA), 2002.

Leons, Barbara and Harry Sanabria, (eds.). Coca, Cocaine and the Bolivian Reality, SUNY Press, Albany, New York, USA, 1997.

Levine, Michael. The Big White Lie: The CIA and the Cocaine/Crack Epidemic, Thunder's Mouth Press, New York, USA, 1993.

Livingstone, Grace. Inside Colombia: Drugs, Democracy and War, Latin America Bureau, London, UK, 2003.

Long, Guillaume J.S. Con el Pretexto de la Droga: La Nueva Cruzada de los EE.UU. en América Latina, Sur Editores, 1a ed., Quito, Ecuador, 2001.

Mabry, Donald J. (ed.). The Latin America Narcotics Trade and US National Security, Greenwood Press, Westport, USA, 1989.

MacDonald, Scout B. Mountain High, White Avalanche: Cocaine and Power in the Andean States and Panama, Praeger, New York, 1989.

MacDonald, Scout B. Dancing on a Volcano: The Latin American Drug Trade, Praeger, CT, USA, 1988.

Mac Gregor, Felipe E. Droga, Desinflando el Globo: Narcotráfico, Corrupción Pública en el Perú, Instituto de la Paz, Universidad del Pacífico, 1a. ed., Lima, Perú, 1998.

Mac Gregor, Felipe E. (ed.). Coca and Cocaine: An Andean Perspective, Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn., USA, 1993.

Malamud Goti, Jaime E. Smoke and Mirrors: the Drug Wars in Bolivia, Westview Press, Boulder, 1992.

Malamud Goti, Jaime. Humo y Espejos: La Paradoja de la Guerra contra las Drogas, Del Puerto, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1994.

Malaver, Manuel. La DEA contra la Guardia Nacional de Venezuela, Gama, 1st ed., Venezuela, 1999.

Marshall, Jonathan. Drug Wars: Corruption, Counterinsurgency and Covert Operations in the Third World, Forestville, California, USA, 1991.

Martínez, Ángel. El Narcotráfico como Forma de Vida: Relato Inédito del Submundo Oscuro de la Mafia, Edipolis Ediciones, Bogotá, Colombia, 2002.

McCoy, Alfred W. and Alan A. Block, (eds.). War on Drugs: Studies in the Failure of U.S. Narcotics Policy, Westview Press, Boulder, USA, 1992.

McCoy, Alfred. The Politics of Heroin: CIA Complicity in the Global Drug Trade, Lawrence Hill Books, Brooklyn, N.Y., USA, 1991.

McDonald, Scott B. Dancing on a Volcano: The Latin American Drug Trade, Praeger, CT, USA, 1988.

Medina G., Carlos. Autodefensas, Paramilitares y Narcotráfico en Colombia: Origen, Desarrollo y Consolidación; el Caso Puerto Boyacá, Editorial Documentos Periodísticos, Bogotá, Colombia, 1990.

Mendel, William W. and Munger Murl D. Strategic Planning and the Drug Threat , a joint study initiative by the National Interagency Counterdrug Institute, the Strategic Studies Institute, U. S. Army War College, and the Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth Kansas. Carlisle Barracks, PA, Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College, 1997.

Méndez, Juan E. The "Drug War" in Colombia: The Neglected Tragedy of Political Violence, New York, USA, 1990.

Menzel, Sewall H. Cocaine Quagmire. Implementing the U.S. Anti-Drug Policy in the North Andes-Colombia, Lanham MD, 1997.

Menzel, Sewall H. Fire in the Andes: U. S. Foreign Policy and Cocaine Politics in Bolivia and Peru, University Press of America, Lanham, MD, 1996.

Menzel, Sewall H. Implementing U.S. Anti-Drug Policy in the Andes: a Comparative Study of Bolivia, Peru, and Colombia, Thesis, (PhD), University of Miami, 1993.

Mexican Government. Drug Control in México, National Program 1989/1994: Progress and Results, Procuraduría General de la República, México D.F., 1994.

Millett, Richard. Colombia's Conflicts: The Spillover Effects of a Wider War, Strategic Studies Institute/ North-South Center, USA, October 2002.

Molano, Alfredo. Loyal Soldiers in the Cocaine Kingdom: Tales of Drugs, Mules, and Gunmen, Columbia University Press, New York, USA, 2004.

Munger, Murl D. and Mendel William W. Strategic Planning and the Drug Threat, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College (August, 1997).
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